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128 documents
High Court set aside magistrate’s judgment for lack of jurisdiction and ordered respondents to repay sums obtained; costs ordered against respondents’ counsel.
  • Civil procedure — Jurisdiction of subordinate courts — Cause of action arising in another district — Proceedings and judgments without jurisdiction are null and void — High Court power to set aside subordinate court judgments — Third-party debt/attachment orders — Costs and remedies against counsel.
Judgment 21 November 2024
Whether seized foreign currency should be forfeited where a businessperson hid funds and used a fake receipt, outweighing mitigating circumstances.
  • Exchange control — Regulation 36(1) discretionary forfeiture of foreign currency — judicial exercise of discretion — aggravating factors (large sum, concealment, forged receipt, business person) v. mitigating factors (first offender, plea, alleged hardship) — precedents: Kamanga; Zheng Yan; Henry Kopa; Ashraf Bdallal El Ali — requirement to hear accused in opposition to forfeiture.
Judgment 20 November 2024
High Court set aside arbitrarily imposed fines for forestry offences, requiring means test and reducing custodial sentences.
  • Forestry offences — sentencing — fines and default imprisonment — mandatory means test — application of Fines (Conversions) Act — first offender principles — s340(1) Criminal Procedure and Evidence Code — supervisory confirmation review.
Judgment 19 November 2024
Bill 17 November 2024
Judgment 6 November 2024
Court escalated the 1981 compensation for the applicant's compulsorily acquired land to MK20,000,000 and denied aggravated damages.
  • Land Acquisition Act (as in force at acquisition) — assessment of fair compensation — section 10 factors (consideration paid, improvements, appreciation) — valuation methodology and escalation of historic award — post-acquisition change of land use not to be used to increase historic compensation — aggravated/exemplary damages against State — requirements; loss-of-opportunity claim not entertained if unpleaded.
Judgment 5 November 2024
Employer breached its redundancy policy and failed to meaningfully consult, rendering the dismissal unfair and attracting compensation.
  • Employment law — redundancy and retrenchment — s.57(1) Employment Act — duty to consult where employer’s terms/policy require it — relevance of ILO Termination of Employment Convention No.158 and Ministry of Labour guidelines — procedural fairness, meaningful consultation and use of proper evidence — unfair dismissal and compensation.
Judgment 1 November 2024
Summary judgment refused because disputed facts and legal issues exist on premises owner status and dog-handler negligence.
  • Civil procedure — Summary judgment — Order 12 CPR — Realistic vs fanciful prospects; Premises liability — vicarious/statutory owner under Control and Diseases of Animals Act; Negligence of dog handler — triable issue; Failure to plead/support failure-to-warn allegation; Judgment on admission — requirements for written admissions.
Judgment 31 October 2024
Court continued stay of execution pending appeal, dismissed disclosure application as otiose, and ordered parties to agree arrangements within 28 days.
  • Civil procedure — stay of execution pending appeal — discretion guided by interests of justice; disclosure/production of financial documents — otiose and irrelevant where stay already granted; interlocutory directions to agree arrangements.
Judgment 30 October 2024
Registrar rejected duplicate originating proceedings as an abuse of process and improper filing at the wrong registry.
  • Registrar's power to reject documents — abuse of court process by duplicative filings (summons and judicial review) — improper forum/registry — Order 5 rules 10–13; Order 6 r9; Courts Act s3 and s6A(2).
Judgment 27 October 2024
Application to file supplementary skeleton arguments deferred to the full bench; copies to be supplied by deadline or dismissed.
  • Civil procedure — interlocutory application for leave to file supplementary skeleton arguments — judicial discretion — timing and service of filings — appropriateness of single-member determination where appeal listed before full bench — procedural directions and automatic dismissal for non-compliance.
Judgment 24 October 2024
Insurer subrogation succeeds where driver of BR 398 failed to give way, entitling recovery of MK15,390,000 plus interest and costs.
  • Road traffic negligence — duty to give way at junction; proof by photographs and damage pattern; insurer’s right of subrogation to sue in insured’s name; discretion to admit late documents under frontloading rules; award of compound interest and costs.
Judgment 18 October 2024
The court ceased jurisdiction after referral to arbitration and declined to entertain further applications.
  • Arbitration law — Referral to arbitration cedes court jurisdiction — Court obliged to honour arbitration agreement; inability to hear matters once jurisdiction ceded; procedural delay attributable to counsel’s failure to appoint arbitrator.
Judgment 16 October 2024
An appeal can be struck out for inordinate delay where the appellant fails to ensure timely preparation of the record of appeal.
  • Civil procedure — Appeal — Want of prosecution — Delay in preparation of record of appeal — Duties of appellant and court under procedural rules — Inherent jurisdiction to strike out appeal — Suspension of enforcement vacated — Costs under s72 Labour Relations Act
Judgment 11 October 2024
A summons signed by a firm rather than a named legal practitioner is a nullity and must be struck out.
  • Civil procedure — signature requirements for originating processes — Order 5 r3 & Order 7 r1(h) CPR; Legal Education and Legal Practitioners Act — definition of 'legal practitioner' as natural person on the Roll; firm name not a legal practitioner; originating process signed by firm is nullity and incurable.
Judgment 11 October 2024
Applicant granted leave to appeal out of time; time enlarged seven days; no order for costs.
  • Civil procedure — leave to appeal out of time — enlargement of time — requirement of good and substantial reasons — prima facie merits of proposed grounds — undue delay.
Judgment 30 September 2024
Applicant granted seven-day enlargement and leave to appeal out of time after showing good and substantial reasons and prima facie merit.
  • Civil procedure — enlargement of time for appeal — leave to appeal out of time — requirement of good and substantial reasons — prima facie merits of proposed grounds — undue delay — discretionary relief (NBS Bank Ltd v R.J. Hamdani)
Judgment 30 September 2024
Court refused to forfeit a bonded motor vehicle for late passport surrender, applying substantial justice and not punishing counsel‑caused delay.
  • Bail conditions — bonded property — forfeiture for non‑compliance; substantial justice over technicality; liability for counsel’s procedural failures; exercise of judicial leniency.
Judgment 17 September 2024
Registrar’s refusal to issue admission petitions was a judicial act; appeal, not judicial review, was the appropriate remedy.
  • Judicial review — Registrar's refusal to issue court documents — issuance as a judicial function requiring application of judicial mind — decisions of Registrar exercising judicial functions not amenable to judicial review — alternative remedy by appeal — exhaustion of remedies.
Judgment 12 August 2024
Convictions upheld; enhanced sentences set aside because the appellant was not given notice or a hearing before enhancement.
  • Criminal law — Defilement and child trafficking — Convictions upheld; Sentence enhancement — appellate increase set aside for failure to afford audi alteram partem — Right to be heard before adverse sentencing order — Late filing of skeleton arguments allowed as exception — State nonattendance at apex court criticized.
Judgment 23 July 2024
Failure to comply with scheduling conference directions justified striking out the 1st defendant’s defence and dismissing its counterclaim.
  • Civil procedure — scheduling conference directions — mandatory compliance with Order 14 — effect of non-compliance (Order 14 r.5) — striking out defence and dismissal of counterclaim as sanction — section 47 General Interpretation Act inapplicable to court directions — good cause required to avoid sanctions.
Judgment 17 July 2024
Action to set aside a consent order dismissed as disclosing no reasonable cause and an abuse of court process.
  • Civil procedure — setting aside consent orders — necessity to plead and particularise mistake, misrepresentation or material supervening event; remedies against former lawyers versus setting aside consent judgment; dismissal for frivolous, vexatious or abusive proceedings.
Judgment 17 July 2024
A late application for security for costs was dismissed where claimant rebutted jurisdictional and asset concerns and delay made the order oppressive.
  • Security for costs — Order 32 CPR — residence and central management — assets and enforceability of costs — delay in bringing application — prospects of success — oppressive/stifling effect.
Judgment 19 June 2024
Stay of execution upheld where registry-caused appeal delay and respondent’s concealment of related conviction negated discharge.
  • Forfeiture and stay of execution — application to discharge stay for alleged inordinate delay — duty of Registrar/Registry to prepare record of appeal — shortcomings in record not attributable to appellant — concealment of parallel money-laundering conviction involving same seized funds — discretion to refuse relief and award costs.
Judgment 19 June 2024
Appeal dismissed for lack of mandatory leave and lateness; review misuse condemned and stays discharged for prompt prosecution.
  • Criminal procedure — Appeals from High Court in criminal review — Mandatory requirement for leave under section 11(2) — Time limits for notice of appeal under section 17(1) — Misuse of review as substitute for appeal — Stays discharged and case remitted for directions.
Judgment 2 May 2024
Whether claimant proved title to the plot and whether the purchaser was a bona fide purchaser without notice.
  • Property law — proof of title: municipal offer/receipt and council confirmation as evidence; nemo dat principle; bona fide purchaser for value without notice — duty of due diligence and requirements; authentication of registry extracts and secondary documents.
Judgment 24 April 2024
Retrospective application of the FCA was found by necessary implication but did not violate constitutional protections against conviction for non-offences.
  • Constitutional law — retrospectivity of statutes — Financial Crimes Act section 42 vs repealed MLA section 35 — interpretation of saving provision section 141(2) FCA — right not to be convicted for non-existent offence and protection against harsher retrospective penalties — procedural commencement via constitutional referral (Order 19 CPR).
Judgment 10 April 2024
Appellant’s convictions for grievous harm and malicious damage quashed for insufficient evidence; alternative conviction impermissible under precedent.
  • Criminal law — Grievous bodily harm — High threshold for ‘grievous harm’ under section 4/238 — Medical evidence not always mandatory but here insufficient; Malicious damage — proof of wilful or reckless damage required and absence of exhibit fatal; Alternative verdicts — courts may not substitute lesser offences where State chose charge (Namatav v Republic); Self‑defence and provocation — disproportional response defeats self‑defence, provocation not available to reduce non‑murder offences; Sentencing — original sentences excessive.
Judgment 25 March 2024
Claims for false imprisonment, defamation and malicious prosecution failed; conversion established only as to retained office chattels, not the claimed money.
  • False imprisonment — distinction between reporting a crime and laying charges; Malicious prosecution — must prove prosecution by defendant, favourable termination, lack of reasonable cause and malice; Conversion — wrongful retention of chattels and denial of access; Pleadings — evidence inconsistent with pleadings may be rejected; Civil standard of proof — balance of probabilities.
Judgment 19 March 2024
Appellate court found the purported will invalid, held customary law must be proved under section 64, and restored land to the appellant and siblings.
  • Succession and customary land — validity of will under DEWIPA — DEWIPA prevails over customary law on inheritance — customary law is a question of fact requiring proof under section 64 Courts Act — proof required before land can be treated as attached to chieftaincy — Magistrate court jurisdiction and remedies for property loss.
Judgment 18 March 2024
Assessment of unfair dismissal compensation using current salary to preserve purchasing power; partial contribution reduces award; severance computed accordingly.
  • Unfair dismissal — procedural fairness — denial of right to confront witnesses; Compensation under s.63(4)–(5) Employment Act; Use of current salary to preserve purchasing power; Partial employee contribution reduces award; Severance computation under First Schedule and s.35(2); Appeal does not stay award — 50% payment pending appeal.
Judgment 20 February 2024
Court awards compensation and statutory severance using current salary, reduced for applicant’s partial contribution; appeal conditional on 50% payment.
  • Employment law — unfair dismissal for procedural unfairness — assessment of compensation under s63(4) and (5) Employment Act — use of current salary to preserve purchasing power — partial contribution reduces discretionary award — statutory severance calculation (First Schedule, s35(2)) — appeal conditional on payment of 50% (no automatic stay).
Judgment 20 February 2024
An applicant cannot obtain leave to appeal to the SCA on an interlocutory matter without certified lower-court refusal and procedural propriety.
  • Civil procedure — Leave to appeal — Requirement to seek leave in the court below and to produce certified refusal before approaching appellate court — Interlocutory/non-final matters not appealable — Procedural propriety for litigants in person.
Judgment 19 February 2024
Assessment of quantum for unfair dismissal, gratuity, pension and notice pay under Defence Force Regulations.}
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Judgment 29 January 2024
Judgment 27 January 2024
Court orders in‑chambers inspection of classified Defence documents; dismisses time‑barred breach‑of‑trust counts under section 302A.
  • Criminal procedure — disclosure vs national security — in-camera judicial inspection of classified Defence Council/MDF documents; public interest immunity; right to fair trial and disclosure obligations; particulars of bribery charges (unspecified amounts) — not fatal; statutory limitation — section 302A CP&EC — strict construction, time-barred misdemeanour counts discharged.
Judgment 12 January 2024
Regulator acted ultra vires by treating subscription-management provider as a tariff-setting broadcaster; committee hearing was procedurally fair.
  • Communications law — Tariff regulation (s.74(1)) — Distinction between subscription broadcasting and subscription management services — Scope of licence — Ultra vires review — Delegation to committees (s.15) — Procedural fairness of regulatory enforcement hearing.
Judgment 1 December 2023
Applicant’s rush to appellate court was premature; lower court’s decision to hear matter inter partes was within its CPR case-management discretion.
  • Administrative law — judicial review — leave to apply and interim injunction — ex parte v inter partes hearings — case management discretion under CPR — balance of convenience and public interest in stays of administrative decisions.
Judgment 4 July 2023
Applications for stay and enlargement of time dismissed as premature and incompetent for lack of jurisdiction; costs awarded to respondent.
  • Civil procedure — stay of execution — Applicant must first apply to court below (Order I r.18); stay exceptional and discretionary; Enlargement of time — where order made in chambers leave to appeal required (s.21 SCA Act); Appeals premature before assessment of damages — inchoate judgment; Wrong procedural provision renders application incompetent.
Judgment 19 May 2023
DPP’s appeal dismissed: prosecution failed to establish cause of death or nexus, so no case to answer.
  • Criminal law — case to answer — prima facie case; murder — causation, nexus and malice aforethought; circumstantial evidence and doctrine of last seen; admissibility and weight of expert and post-mortem evidence; delegation of prosecutorial power; requirements for notice of appeal.
Judgment 28 July 2021
The applicant's convictions were upheld on circumstantial evidence and call logs despite improper use of section 3 CP&EC.
  • Criminal law
  • ircumstantial evidence
  • dmissibility of call logs/business records alse police statement as perjury xtradition (s.21)
  • ddition of lesser offences provable by extradition facts xclusion of illegally obtained evidence
  • nd limited scope of s.3 CP&EC
Judgment 14 July 2021
Whether striking out a defence at mandatory mediation was a proportionate sanction and whether mediation confidentiality was breached.
  • Civil procedure — mandatory mediation — Order 13 r.6 CPR (2017) — striking out defence for non-attendance — proportionality of sanction; mediation confidentiality — Order 13 r.7 — use of mediation materials in substantive orders; case management discretion — appellate review; restoration and costs as remedies.
Judgment 23 June 2021
Discharge for statutory delay refused where felonies and misdemeanours formed part of the same series; s.302A inapplicable.
  • Criminal procedure — s.302A CP&EC (time limits for trial) — s.261 CP&EC — s.127 CP&EC (charging felonies and misdemeanours together) — attribution of delay — discharge for delay refused.
Judgment 2 August 2019
A section 114 election petition is incompetent absent a prior Commission decision on the alleged irregularity.
  • Electoral law; s.114 Parliamentary and Presidential Elections Act — appeal lies only from a Commission decision confirming/rejecting irregularity; complaints under s.113 required first; judicial review distinct remedy; grounds for voiding election limited to s.114(3).
Judgment 12 June 2019
Claim dismissed: no proved contract, LPOs were forged and the employee lacked authority to bind the defendant.
  • Contract formation — offer and acceptance — proof of agreement; Public procurement — RFQ/open tender requirements for high‑value contracts; Forgery — forged LPOs are nullities; Agency — actual and ostensible authority; Burden of proof.
Judgment 24 October 2018
Forestry licence did not justify respondent’s trespass onto the applicant’s land; nuisance claim lacked particulars and evidence.
  • Property law — Trespass to land — Rightful possession under a subsisting lease — Forestry licence insufficient to justify occupation; Nuisance — requires pleaded particulars and evidential proof.
Judgment 26 September 2018
Applicant failed to prove individual entitlement to customary land; trial findings upheld and appeal dismissed with costs.
  • Land law — Customary land — Communal ownership; chiefs’ power to authorize use under customary law — No individual title. Civil procedure — Burden and standard of proof: balance of probabilities
  • Evidence — deference to trial court findings
  • Appeals — abuse of process; dismissal with costs
Judgment 23 July 2018
Occupier of customary land entitled to compensation for loss of use and destroyed crops following State taking.
  • Land law — Customary land vested in the President — Occupier's entitlement to disturbance/compensation — Non-retroactivity of statutes — Assessment of damages for loss of use and destroyed crops.
Judgment 20 July 2018
An interlocutory injunction was refused where the defendant’s actions were carried out pursuant to an existing court order.
  • Civil procedure — interlocutory injunctions — exceptional remedy; injunctions ordinarily not granted to restrain acts undertaken pursuant to an extant court order; customary land — Section 25 Land Act — sale of customary land may be void ab initio (relevant to triability).
Judgment 4 July 2018
Court continued interlocutory injunction pending trial, finding serious triable issues and limitation defence premature.
  • Interlocutory injunction — preservation of status quo — American Cyanamid guidelines; Limitation Act — possession, re-entry and forfeiture; Adequacy of damages in land possession disputes; Serious issue to be tried — disputed facts on title and occupation.
Judgment 21 May 2018