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162 judgments
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Results. 162 judgments found.

162 judgments
April 2024
An inchoate judgment is not appealable, so a stay pending appeal was dismissed; the preliminary objection was procedurally defective.
  • Civil procedure — Preliminary objections — procedural compliance and minimum notice; Inchoate judgments — part of relief reserved for later assessment; Appealability — inchoate judgments not appealable; Stay of execution pending appeal — incompetent when judgment is inchoate.
10 April 2024
An interlocutory injunction was granted to preserve funds subject to a valid preservation order, affirming Financial Crimes Division jurisdiction and condemning forum shopping.
  • Financial Crimes Division jurisdiction — preservation orders and freezing directives — exclusivity under Financial Crimes Act; interlocutory injunction to preserve status quo; forum shopping and abuse of court process; registrar’s duty to transfer misfiled matters.
8 April 2024
March 2024
Bank’s report to police not actionable as false imprisonment or defamation; claimant failed to prove medical causation or special damages.
  • False imprisonment — distinction between reporting to police and laying charges; police’s independent discretion; defamation by imprisonment — imputations attributable to detaining authority; damages — causation and authentication of medical evidence; special damages must be specifically pleaded and proved.
30 March 2024
Court revoked bail and ordered forfeiture of cash bond and a bonded residential house after respondent absconded.
  • Criminal procedure — Forfeiture of bonded money or property under section 121(2) — Absconding depositor — Identification of third‑party/matrimonial rights — Registered ownership as basis for forfeiture.
28 March 2024
Assessment of compensation for unfair dismissal: five months’ pay per year, pension, and 200% boost for inflationary devaluation.
  • Employment law — Unfair dismissal for non‑hearing (s57, s58 Employment Act) — Compensation assessment (s63(4) & s63(5)) — Years of service post‑privatisation — Employer pension contributions — Boosting awards for devaluation/inflation.
26 March 2024
Default judgment refused where claimants failed to prove they were police officers, did not comply with statutory pre-action notice, nor exhaust internal Police Service remedies.
  • Civil procedure — Default judgment — Order 12 rules 6–8 — Evidential sufficiency in ex parte default applications; Government suits — statutory pre-action notice to Attorney General (Civil Procedure (Suits by/against Government) Act s.4; Order 8 r.19); Administrative remedies — Police Service Commission under Police Act; judicial discretion on default judgment and costs.
25 March 2024
Appellant’s convictions for grievous harm and malicious damage quashed for insufficient evidence; alternative conviction impermissible under precedent.
  • Criminal law — Grievous bodily harm — High threshold for ‘grievous harm’ under section 4/238 — Medical evidence not always mandatory but here insufficient; Malicious damage — proof of wilful or reckless damage required and absence of exhibit fatal; Alternative verdicts — courts may not substitute lesser offences where State chose charge (Namatav v Republic); Self‑defence and provocation — disproportional response defeats self‑defence, provocation not available to reduce non‑murder offences; Sentencing — original sentences excessive.
25 March 2024
Prosecution must authenticate photo/video evidence, but acquittal stands where grievous harm under section 235(a) is not proved.
  • Evidence — Admissibility of photographs and video — Section 179 CP&EC — Prima facie authentication by competent witness; Burden on prosecution to establish provenance and originality
  • Criminal law — Section 235(a) Penal Code — Elements require unlawful wounding or grievous harm plus intention; medical evidence relevant to actus reus
  • Criminal procedure — Review powers — High Court may correct misdirections but cannot substitute convictions for offences not charged; alternative verdicts constrained by Supreme Court authority (State must amend)
20 March 2024
Claims for false imprisonment, defamation and malicious prosecution failed; conversion established only as to retained office chattels, not the claimed money.
  • False imprisonment — distinction between reporting a crime and laying charges; Malicious prosecution — must prove prosecution by defendant, favourable termination, lack of reasonable cause and malice; Conversion — wrongful retention of chattels and denial of access; Pleadings — evidence inconsistent with pleadings may be rejected; Civil standard of proof — balance of probabilities.
19 March 2024
19 March 2024
Appellate court found the purported will invalid, held customary law must be proved under section 64, and restored land to the appellant and siblings.
  • Succession and customary land — validity of will under DEWIPA — DEWIPA prevails over customary law on inheritance — customary law is a question of fact requiring proof under section 64 Courts Act — proof required before land can be treated as attached to chieftaincy — Magistrate court jurisdiction and remedies for property loss.
18 March 2024
Court reduced excessive costs, limited senior counsel and combined in-house fees, and awarded MWK21,625,940.25 in taxed costs.
  • Costs assessment — Order 31 CPR 2017 — reasonableness and proportionality of costs; standard vs indemnity assessment (legal practitioner and own client); Senior Counsel fees and proof of use; allocation of hours and hourly rates; disallowance of MLS levy and duplicate VAT claims; care and conduct allowances.
15 March 2024
Leave and extension granted to challenge sentencing disparity; bail pending appeal refused.
  • Criminal procedure — Leave to appeal and extension of time — Sentencing uniformity between co-accused — Bail pending appeal — Supervisory nature and limits of High Court criminal review.
15 March 2024
Court refuses anti‑arbitration injunction, sanctions non‑disclosure in ex‑parte proceedings, and enforces arbitration agreements.
  • Civil procedure
    • — Interlocutory jurisdiction — Applicability of Order I Rule 18; SCA jurisdiction only triggered where same application and material was first refused in High Court
    • — Ex‑parte relief — Duty of full and frank disclosure; failure to disclose prior court directions justifies setting aside order
  • Arbitration law — Anti‑arbitration injunctions — Courts should respect arbitration agreements and refrain from granting anti‑arbitration injunctions except in limited cases (fraud, impartiality)
14 March 2024
14‑day deadline for skeleton arguments runs from filing the record of appeal in this Court; stay of execution maintained and application dismissed.
  • Civil procedure — stay of execution — Practice Direction No.1 of 2010 — 14‑day period for skeleton arguments runs from filing of record of appeal in Supreme Court of Appeal; non‑compliance may be waived or time enlarged; balance of justice and preservation of jurisdiction guide discharge of stay.
14 March 2024
A statutory corporation (municipal council) is not exempt from enforcement under Order 34 rule 4 absent express statutory immunity.
  • Civil procedure — Order 34 rule 4 CPR 2017 — exemption from enforcement applies to Government or public officers as defined by statute; statutory corporations do not automatically enjoy Crown-type immunities absent express statutory provision.
6 March 2024
A statutory corporation/local council is not automatically exempt from enforcement under Order 34 rule 4 absent express statutory coverage.
  • Civil procedure — Order 34 r.4 CPR 2017 — exemption from enforcement; Suits by or against the Government — Civil Procedure (Suits by or against the Government or Public Officers) Act; General Interpretation Act — definition of Government; Statutory corporations and Crown immunities; Third-party debt order — stay application dismissed.
6 March 2024
February 2024
Application to vacate stay dismissed for lack of SCA jurisdiction due to absence of a pending or contemplated appeal.
  • Appellate jurisdiction — Order I Rule 18 SCA Rules — stay of execution — requirement of a pending or contemplated appeal — inchoate appeal — judicial review precedents not a jurisdictional cure.
29 February 2024
Employer did not breach statutory or common‑law duty; claimant failed to prove negligence and was himself negligent, claim dismissed with costs.
  • Occupational safety — Employer's duty of care under Occupational Health, Safety and Welfare Act — Employee's reciprocal duty to take reasonable care — Proof of negligence on balance of probabilities — Contributory negligence and credibility findings.
28 February 2024
A party’s mere dissatisfaction with an arbitrator’s merits findings does not amount to misconduct warranting setting aside the award.
  • Arbitration — setting aside award — misconduct standard — arbitrator’s procedural discretion — inspection of materials — merits disagreement not ground for removal of arbitrator.
28 February 2024
Court dismissed motion to restore stay where respondent failed to prosecute appeal and counsel cited no law, awarding costs to applicants.
  • Civil procedure — stay of execution pending appeal — prolonged failure to prosecute appeal — court's power to set aside irregular steps (Rule 25(k)) — requirement to cite governing law in motions.
27 February 2024
Summary judgment was reversed and remitted where pleadings raised triable issues; defective and unnotified grounds were struck or expunged.
  • Civil procedure — Summary judgment/judgment on admissions — Only appropriate where no defence and no triable issues on pleadings; Procedural compliance — obligation to file skeleton arguments, list of authorities and authorities — failure may justify denial of audience and refusal of extension; Appeals — Grounds of appeal must comply with form and notice requirements — defective grounds may be struck or expunged.
27 February 2024
Claimant awarded outstanding loan sums with interest; no cogent evidence of fraud; attachment of the family-home interest denied.
  • Commercial law — loan recovery; alleged fraud in creation of surety charge — requirement of cogent evidence for fraud; distinction between default and breach; attachment of beneficial interest in family home; exemplary damages not available for contract default; garnishee as alternative remedy.
24 February 2024
Court continued interlocutory injunction restraining exercise of power of sale pending resolution of alleged fraudulent charge.
  • Injunctions — interlocutory injunction — American Cyanamid principles — power of sale under Registered Land Act (ss.68,71) — alleged fraud/forgery in charges over estate property — adequacy of damages — uniqueness of land.
22 February 2024
Court assessed unfair dismissal compensation using current salary, reduced for partial contribution, and awarded severance with 50% payment condition for appeal.
  • Labour Law
    • — Unfair Dismissal — Assessment of compensation under s63(4)–(5) Employment Act — Use of current salary to retain purchasing power
    • — Severance Allowance — Computation under First Schedule and s35(2) Employment Act — Basis of remuneration
    • — Appeal/Execution — Filing an appeal does not stay payment; leave to appeal subject to 50% payment pending appeal
20 February 2024
Court awarded one month’s pay per year, doubled for devaluation, and rejected unproven bonus claims.
  • Employment law — Unfair dismissal — Assessment of compensation under s63(4) and (5) Employment Act — One month’s pay per completed year awarded — Claim for 2018 bonuses failed for lack of evidence — 100% uplift granted for currency devaluation and inflation.
20 February 2024
Applicant proved entitlement to withheld wages, leave, overtime and pension; court awarded principal plus interest totalling MK801,738.71.
  • Employment law — withholding of wages and terminal benefits — entitlement to unpaid leave, overtime, wages and pension contributions; burden of proof on balance of probabilities where respondent absent; interest awardable on wrongfully withheld terminal dues (s.53 Employment (Amendment) Act 2010).
20 February 2024
Assessment of unfair dismissal compensation using current salary to preserve purchasing power; partial contribution reduces award; severance computed accordingly.
  • Unfair dismissal — procedural fairness — denial of right to confront witnesses; Compensation under s.63(4)–(5) Employment Act; Use of current salary to preserve purchasing power; Partial employee contribution reduces award; Severance computation under First Schedule and s.35(2); Appeal does not stay award — 50% payment pending appeal.
20 February 2024
Court awards compensation and statutory severance using current salary, reduced for applicant’s partial contribution; appeal conditional on 50% payment.
  • Employment law — unfair dismissal for procedural unfairness — assessment of compensation under s63(4) and (5) Employment Act — use of current salary to preserve purchasing power — partial contribution reduces discretionary award — statutory severance calculation (First Schedule, s35(2)) — appeal conditional on payment of 50% (no automatic stay).
20 February 2024
An applicant cannot obtain leave to appeal to the SCA on an interlocutory matter without certified lower-court refusal and procedural propriety.
  • Civil procedure — Leave to appeal — Requirement to seek leave in the court below and to produce certified refusal before approaching appellate court — Interlocutory/non-final matters not appealable — Procedural propriety for litigants in person.
19 February 2024
Preservation order expired after 90 days; no forfeiture application was pending, so frozen accounts must be unfrozen.
  • Financial Crimes Act s67(b) — preservation orders expire after 90 days unless a forfeiture application is pending; meaning of "application pending"; Courts Act s3(1) — issuance/placement of process; civil forfeiture prerequisites and necessity of predicate offence; unfreezing accounts where preservation order expired.
15 February 2024
Whether arbitration was waived and unfulfilled conditions precedent rendered the share purchase agreement unenforceable.
  • Arbitration clause — waiver by filing defence; Rule in Turquand — apparent authority of managing director/sole shareholder; Conditions precedent — failure to fulfil renders share purchase agreement unenforceable; Share transfer — essential for completion; Costs follow event.
15 February 2024
A very late, extensive re-amendment was refused where it would unfairly prejudice the respondent and disrupt court resources.
  • Civil procedure — amendment of pleadings — O.7 r.23 CPR 2017 — very late re‑amendment after closure — overriding objective and case management — prejudice not compensable by costs — reintroduction of issues disposed at mediation.
12 February 2024
Summary judgment refused due to genuine disputes over repayment, interest, and entitlement to punitive damages.
  • Summary judgment — Genuine dispute of fact — Repayment of guaranteed funds — Assessment of interest and loss — Punitive damages in contract require proof of deliberate tortious conduct — Mediation or trial required.
12 February 2024
Summary judgment granted for a written MK10,000,000 loan; defendant’s illegality and repayment defences found unarguable.
  • Contract law — written loan agreement — existence and enforceability; summary disposal under procedural rules; illegality defence and Financial Services Act; unconscionability and bargaining power; estoppel and proof of repayment.
6 February 2024
1 February 2024
January 2024
Conviction quashed where facts established incest requiring DPP's written consent; trial ordered de novo with directions.
  • Criminal procedure — Review of subordinate court proceedings — Charge irregularity; incest (s.157 Penal Code) vs rape (s.133 Penal Code); requirement of DPP's written consent for prosecutions within prohibited degrees of consanguinity; conviction quashed; trial de novo ordered.
30 January 2024
Assessment of quantum for unfair dismissal, gratuity, pension and notice pay under Defence Force Regulations.}
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29 January 2024
Whether a Final Third-Party Debt Order can be set aside for alleged misrepresentation of claimant’s status (sole trader v partnership).
  • Civil procedure — Third-Party Debt Order — application to set aside Final Third-Party Debt Order; Partnership law — status of claimant (sole trader v partnership) and effect on liability; Courts (High Court) (Civil Procedure) Rules 2017 — Order 28 rule 17 — objections pre-final order; Abuse of process — striking out.
29 January 2024
Section 73(2) mandates counsel only where the other party is, or is represented by, a legal practitioner.
  • Labour law — Industrial Relations Court — Legal representation — Section 73(2) mandatory where other party is or is represented by a legal practitioner
  • Statutory interpretation — Mandatory language "shall" — No judicial addition or discretionary gloss on clear statutory conditions
  • Civil procedure — Corporate parties and representation — Other statutes do not displace Labour Relations Act procedural scheme
29 January 2024
Employer must consult employees before retrenchment; ministerial forced leave without consultation amounted to unfair dismissal and unfair labour practices.
  • Labour law — retrenchment — duty to consult employees before operational dismissals — Ministerial directive without Board authority — unfair dismissal; unfair and unsafe labour practices — compensation assessment.
29 January 2024
27 January 2024
Claimant failed to prove defendant’s negligence or statutory breach in fire allegedly caused by high voltage; claim dismissed with costs.
  • Tort — Negligence in electricity supply; causation; high voltage vs high current; short-circuit principles; res ipsa loquitur inapplicable; statutory reporting/arbitration (MERA) not mandatory.
25 January 2024
Interim injunction continued pending trial as triable issue exists over whether a counteroffer negated the sale agreement; damages inadequate for land.
  • Property law — interim injunction — existence of enforceable agreement for sale of land — whether offeree’s response amounted to a counteroffer or mere request for variation — adequacy of damages for land — balance of convenience — referral to mediation.
25 January 2024
Interim injunction maintained due to triable issue on offer/counteroffer and inadequacy of damages for land.
  • Interim injunction — whether a triable issue exists as to formation of contract (offer v counteroffer) — uniqueness of land and inadequacy of damages — balance of convenience — continuation of interlocutory injunction; referral to mediation.
25 January 2024
Court dismissed both claim and counterclaim for want of prosecution after 35 months' inaction.
  • Civil procedure — dismissal for want of prosecution — Order 12 r 54 — inordinate and inexcusable delay — abuse of court process — counterclaim also dismissed — costs: each party to bear own costs.
25 January 2024
Both claim and counterclaim dismissed for want of prosecution after 35 months' inaction; each party to bear its own costs.
  • Civil procedure — Dismissal for want of prosecution under Order 12, rule 54 — Inordinate delay and abuse of process — Counterclaim also dismissed — Overriding objective and case-management non-compliance — Costs: each party to bear own costs.
25 January 2024
Summary judgment granted where defence was a sham; stay for related criminal proceedings denied.
  • Civil procedure — stay of civil proceedings pending criminal proceedings; summary judgment — general denial treated as sham under Order 7 r 6 CPR; monetary claims vs criminal restitution; party-and-party costs only.
24 January 2024
A dispute founded on employment contract restraints belongs to the Industrial Relations Court, not the High Court Commercial Division.
  • Jurisdiction — High Court (Commercial Division) v Industrial Relations Court — employment contract disputes; restraint of trade in employment — enforceability and reasonableness vis-à-vis constitutional right to work (s.29); definition of "commercial matter" (Courts Act s.2).
22 January 2024
Whether a restraint-of-trade claim arising from employment belongs to the Industrial Relations Court rather than the Commercial Division.
  • Jurisdiction — Commercial Division v Industrial Relations Court — enforcement of post‑termination restraint in employment contract — whether dispute is commercial or labour — reasonableness of restraint and constitutional right to economic activity (section 29).
22 January 2024