All courts - 2016

248 judgments
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Results. 248 judgments found.

248 judgments
December 2016
Court granted a s.123 inhibition to preserve land pending suit over disputed demarcation and equal division.
  • Land Law — Inhibitions under Registered Land Act — Granting an inhibition to preserve land pending dispute over demarcation and title — s.123 Registered Land Act
  • Civil Procedure — Interim Relief — Conditions for preservation orders — Requirement to institute substantive proceedings within specified period
29 December 2016
Pre-trial detention beyond statutory limits justified granting bail to a homicide suspect, subject to strict conditions.
  • Constitutional right to bail — not absolute — subject to interests of justice; pre-trial detention beyond statutory limits; homicide suspects; bail guidelines; public order considerations; bail conditions (bond, sureties, reporting, travel restrictions, non-tampering).
22 December 2016
Manufacturer not liable to retailer for lost sales; negligence, contract and defamation claims dismissed.
  • Tort — Negligence — Manufacturer's duty of care to ultimate consumer not to intermediary retailer
  • Contract — Sale of Goods — Implied condition of merchantable quality — Breach confined to particular defective bottle
  • Defamation — Publication and attribution — Statements by customers not imputable to manufacturer
15 December 2016
The 1st defendant's negligent overtaking caused the crash; owner and insurer held vicariously and statutorily liable.
  • Tort
    • — Negligence — Duty of care of driver and unsafe overtaking — Road Traffic Act s96
    • — Vicarious liability and Insurance — Owner and insurer liability for driver’s negligence — Road Traffic Act s148
14 December 2016
Court allowed twelve-month instalment plan after finding debtor’s disclosure sufficient and creditor’s challenge inadequate.
  • Civil Procedure — Payment of Judgment Debt — Application to pay by instalments — Requirement of full and frank disclosure by judgment debtor — Balancing creditor’s right to immediate recovery
  • Evidence — Sufficiency of financial disclosure and adequacy of creditor’s challenge — Reliance on debtor summaries and credibility of contradictory submissions
13 December 2016
Whether identification evidence was safe despite no Turnbull warning and whether 10-year robbery sentences were excessive.
  • Criminal Law
    • — Evidence — Visual Identification — Turnbull caution and safety of conviction
    • — Identification Parade — Proper conduct and evidential weight of parade identification
    • — Sentencing — Armed group robbery at night; appropriate custodial term
13 December 2016
Stay granted pending appeal because the magistrate court allegedly lacked jurisdiction over matrimonial property.
  • Civil Procedure — Stay of Execution Pending Appeal — Jurisdictional defect as a special circumstance
  • Property — Matrimonial Property and Registered Land — Jurisdictional limit of Magistrate's Court and consequences of proceedings without jurisdiction
12 December 2016
Whether a bank validly exercised its power of sale and whether interim injunction and inhibition should be maintained pending trial.
  • Registered Land Act — exercise of power of sale — good faith and compliance with statutory requirements; interlocutory injunction and inhibition — adequacy of damages; pre-transfer remedies; balance of convenience; alleged contempt for breaching interim orders.
12 December 2016
Court continued interlocutory injunction to preserve land pending trial because damages are inadequate and balance of convenience favoured plaintiff.
  • Civil Procedure — Interim Relief — Interlocutory injunction — Preservation of status quo in land disputes — Application of American Cyanamid principles
12 December 2016
Court varied an ex parte injunction on university fees due to defendant’s delay and lack of demonstrated prejudice.
  • Civil Procedure
    • — Originating Summons — Variation or revocation of order made in absence of party — Order 28(4)(1) RSC — Discretion to vary perfected ex parte order
    • — Service and delay — Effect of delay and lack of demonstrated prejudice on applications to set aside orders
  • Administrative/Constitutional Law — Right to Education — Expedited proceedings and public‑interest urgency — Justification for proceeding in absence of respondent
12 December 2016
Convict ordered immediately released on re-sentencing due to mitigating factors, missing record, prolonged detention, and poor prison conditions.
  • Criminal Law — Sentencing — Re-sentencing after declaration of mandatory death sentences — Consideration of mitigating factors including self‑defence and time served
  • Criminal Procedure — Right to Appeal and Missing Record — Effective remedy of immediate release where record loss undermines appeal rights
  • Human Rights — Pre-trial Delay and Prison Conditions — Impact of prolonged detention and appalling prison conditions on sentencing
12 December 2016
Ex parte subordinate court custody order set aside for failure to follow Child Care Act and consider the child's best interests.
  • Family Law — Child Custody — Ex parte interlocutory custody orders — Requirement to proceed under Child Care, Protection and Justice Act and consider best interests of the child
  • Civil Procedure — Revisionary Jurisdiction — High Court’s supervisory power under section 26 of the Courts Act to call for records and set aside irregular subordinate court orders
  • Civil Contempt — Committal to civil prison — Requirement of proportionality and consideration of fines before imprisonment
8 December 2016
Unsafe overtaking caused a collision; driver, employer and insurer held liable; damages to be assessed.
  • Tort
    • — Negligence — Overtaking causing collision
    • — Vicarious and Insurer Liability — Employer and insurer responsibility for employee's negligent driving
    • — Statutory Breach — Road Traffic Act s 98(2)(c) and s 99(2) compliance
1 December 2016
November 2016
A commercial dispute must ordinarily be instituted in the Commercial Division unless compelling reasons justify retention; transfer ordered.
  • Civil procedure — appropriate forum for commercial disputes — specialized Commercial Division — requirement to advance compelling reasons to retain commercial matters in general registry — transfer rather than dismissal where no compelling reasons shown.
30 November 2016
Interlocutory injunction continued to prevent sale of charged land pending trial because damages would be inadequate.
  • Civil Procedure — Interim Injunctions — Application of American Cyanamid principles to restrain sale of charged land
  • Property Law
    • — Registered Lands Act — Compliance with statutory requirements for sale: notice, advertisement/tender and reserve price
    • — Remedies — Effect of RLA s.71(3) and availability of interlocutory equitable relief pre‑transfer
29 November 2016
Senior Chief may remove a village headman after a fair hearing; successor valid where customary matrilineal succession proved.
  • Customary Law — Chieftaincy Succession — Matrilineal vs Patrilineal succession — Proof required under section 64 Courts Act
  • Administrative Law
    • — Chiefs’ Authority — Appointment and removal of Village Headmen — Chiefs Act s.9 read with General Interpretation Act s.32
    • — Procedural Fairness — Necessity to hear parties and assess loss of confidence — Constitution s.43 principles
28 November 2016
A challenge to a prosecutorial decision is a public‑law matter to be pursued by judicial review, not by originating summons.
  • Civil Procedure — Judicial Review — Whether public‑law challenges to prosecutorial decisions must be brought under Order 53 rather than by originating summons — O'Reilly v Mackman principle
  • Criminal Procedure — Prosecutorial Discretion — Challenge to decision to prosecute — Remedy by judicial review, not ordinary declaratory proceedings
25 November 2016
Whether applicants charged with homicide should be released on bail pending trial and on what conditions.
  • Criminal Law — Bail — Bail pending trial — Grant of bail where prosecution does not oppose and imposition of conditions
  • Criminal Procedure — Conditions of Bail — Surrender of travel documents; periodic police reporting; sureties; restriction on leaving district
24 November 2016
Applicant granted bail pending trial with conditions after the State raised no objection.
  • Criminal Law — Bail — Granting bail pending trial — Conditions including surrender of travel documents, sureties and cash bond
24 November 2016
Retrial ordered where lower court made unsupported property and maintenance orders and failed to assess desertion.
  • Family Law
    • — Divorce — Desertion as pleaded ground — Need to canvass and analyse evidence on desertion
    • — Property Division — Requirement for full inventory, valuation and evidence of contributions before distributing matrimonial property
    • — Child Maintenance — Requirement to ascertain respondent's means and children's needs before varying maintenance orders
18 November 2016
Whether the respondent was liable for fire damage caused by a loose service connection and inadequate insulation.
  • Electricity supply — Negligence and duty of care — Service line/D-iron connection — Insulation and routine inspection — Causation established by eyewitness, fire officer and electrical expert — Liability for fire damage; Electricity (Wiring) Regulation 15(1)(a).
16 November 2016
The defendant utility was held liable for fire damage due to negligent connection and failure to ensure a safe service line.
  • Negligence — electricity supply — duty to ensure safe connection at service line/D‑iron — consumer installation responsibilities — Electricity (Wiring) Regulations — expert evidence on origin of fire (downward burnout) — causation of property loss.
16 November 2016
Summary judgment refused where defendant raised triable factual issues including correct defendant and occupier liability.
  • Civil Procedure — Summary Judgment (Order 14 Rule 3) — Whether there is a bona fide defence or an issue to be tried that precludes summary judgment
  • Tort — Negligence/Occupier Liability — Driver's statutory duty to warn under Road Traffic (Public Services Vehicles) (Operations) Regulations s181(4)(f) — Whether breach establishes negligence per se
  • Evidence — Factual Dispute — Distance of pit and identity of the proper defendant — Disputes of fact that require trial
16 November 2016
Whether bail pending appeal is appropriate where an unrepresented applicant was not informed of a statutory defence.
  • Criminal Law
    • — Bail Pending Appeal — Tests for grant of bail: likelihood of success or risk sentence will be served
    • — Statutory Defence — Duty to inform unrepresented accused of special defence (reasonable belief as to complainant's age)
  • Criminal Procedure — Bail Conditions — Surrender of travel documents, sureties, reporting and filing requirements
16 November 2016
Whether the applicants should be granted bail pending trial despite an implicated co‑accused confession and alleged flight risk.
  • Criminal Law — Bail — Granting bail in murder cases — Interest of justice and burden on the State under s 42(2)(e) of the Constitution and Bail Guidelines Act 2007
  • Criminal Procedure — Confession by co-accused — Admissibility against co-accused and s 176(2) of the Criminal Procedure and Evidence Code
15 November 2016
Interlocutory injunction refused; court preserved defendant’s possession of the disputed chieftaincy pending trial.
  • Civil Procedure — Interlocutory Injunctions — Preservation of status quo and application of American Cyanamid principles
  • Customary Law — Chieftaincy Succession — Disputed elevation and role of Traditional Authority decision as an issue for substantive hearing
11 November 2016
11 November 2016
Court granted leave and a seven‑day extension to appeal due to delayed judgment delivery and non‑notification.
  • Civil Procedure
    • — Appeals — Enlargement of time to appeal — Good and substantial reasons and prima facie grounds required — Order III r 4, Supreme Court of Appeal Rules
    • — Leave to appeal out of time — Delay caused by late delivery and non‑notification of judgment — Excusing delay
    • — Procedural law — Inapplicability of High Court Rules/Rules of Supreme Court to Supreme Court of Appeal — Supreme Court of Appeal Act governs practice
9 November 2016
9 November 2016
Dispute over a bank overdraft secured by land is a "commercial matter" and must be transferred to the Commercial Division.
  • Commercial Division — Transfer of proceedings — Definition of "commercial matter" under Courts (Amendment) Act 2016 — Banker–customer dispute and secured overdraft constitute a commercial matter — Registrar's power to transfer matters — Order to transfer within 14 days.
3 November 2016
Applicant entitled to release after two years pending High Court confirmation where lower court record is missing.
  • Criminal Law — Sentencing and Custody — Effect of absent High Court confirmation on service of sentence and duty to release — Criminal Procedure and Evidence Code s15; Prison Act s107
3 November 2016
3 November 2016
Applicants arrested for alleged homicide were unconditionally released due to absence of a tangible basis for arrest.
  • Criminal Procedure
    • — Bail — Release pending trial — Insufficient basis for arrest and State not opposing release
    • — Arrest and Detention — Review of basis for arrest — Court may order unconditional release where no tangible basis exists
3 November 2016
3 November 2016
Plaintiff's defamation claim dismissed for failing to prove the published photograph did not depict the alleged third party.
  • Defamation — identification by photograph — burden on plaintiff to prove published image depicts plaintiff rather than another person; publication of court proceedings; qualified privilege defence raised; failure to adduce comparative evidence results in dismissal.
1 November 2016
Keeper of a dangerous wild animal held liable for injury outside park; statutory indemnity did not apply.
  • Tort — Negligence — Keeper of dangerous wild animal — Duty to prevent escape — Statutory indemnity (National Parks and Wildlife Act s121(5)) inapplicable where injured person was outside protected area — Damages and costs awarded.
1 November 2016
October 2016
Ex parte injunction discharged where applicant failed to disclose contractual 30‑day notice requirement and thus came with unclean hands.
  • Civil Procedure — Interim Injunctions — Duty of Full and Frank Disclosure and Clean Hands
  • Arbitration — Interim Orders — Court’s Power to Grant Injunctions in Relation to Arbitration — Arbitration Act s 13(6)
  • Contract — Artist Management Agreement — Contractual Notice Requirement for Termination — Effect on Entitlement to Injunctive Relief
31 October 2016
28 October 2016
27 October 2016
Counsel may swear bail affidavits but must verify assertions; false affidavits risk discipline and may defeat bail.
  • Criminal procedure — Bail applications — Admissibility of affidavits sworn by counsel; affidavits on information and belief; duty to verify; Bail (Guidelines) Act 2000; disciplinary remedies for false affidavits.
26 October 2016
Counsel may swear affidavits in bail applications but must verify and state grounds; bail granted with conditions.
  • Criminal procedure — Bail applications — Admissibility of affidavits sworn by counsel; affidavits on information and belief; duty to state grounds and verify; Bail (Guidelines) Act powers; sanctions for false affidavits; grant of bail where State unopposed.
26 October 2016
A single Justice lacks power to hear appeals or premature interlocutory injunction applications; appeal must be entered and heard by a three‑judge panel.
  • Appeal procedure — Jurisdiction of single Justice of Supreme Court of Appeal — Section 7 SCA Act — Entry of appeal and record settlement under Order III rules 5–19 (rules 10–11, 19) — Interlocutory injunction pending appeal — Prematurity and abuse of process.
24 October 2016
Detention becomes unlawful if a sentence is not confirmed within one year; court ordered immediate release.
  • Criminal Procedure — Habeas Corpus — Failure to confirm sentence within one year renders continued detention unlawful — Criminal Procedure and Evidence Code s15(5); Statute Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act s16(6)(a)(ii)
24 October 2016
Applicant unlawfully detained beyond one-year confirmation period; High Court ordered immediate release.
  • Criminal Law
    • — Habeas Corpus — Unlawful detention pending confirmation of sentence — Statute Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act s 16(6)(a)(ii)
    • — Prison administration — Duty to release where no confirmation communicated after one year — Criminal Procedure and Evidence Code s 15(5)
    • — Lost or destroyed court records — Destruction of lower court file does not justify continued detention
24 October 2016
Bail refused where strong identification evidence and offence seriousness created a real risk of the applicants absconding.
  • Criminal Law — Bail — Granting of bail — Effect of strong identification evidence and seriousness of offence on risk of absconding
21 October 2016
21 October 2016
21 October 2016
18 October 2016
An employer's report to police does not make it liable for employees' arrests absent proof it directed or procured the arrests.
  • Tort
    • — False imprisonment — Whether employer's report to police amounts to directing or procuring arrests
    • — Malicious prosecution and defamation — Liability where police act on their own investigation, not at employer's direction
14 October 2016
Appeal dismissed for raising new conversion claim; magistrates lack general jurisdiction over marriages by repute.
  • Civil Procedure — Appeal — New claims raised on appeal — Appellate court will not decide issues not before the subordinate court
  • Family Law
    • — Marriage by Repute/Permanent Cohabitation — Jurisdiction — Magistrate courts lack general jurisdiction absent statutory provision or customary-law recognition
    • — Customary Law — Proof and Application — Court must have evidence of applicable customary law before applying customary remedies
14 October 2016