High Court of Malawi - 2021

387 judgments
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Results. 387 judgments found.

387 judgments
November 2021
Child claimant awarded K6,000,000 for pain and disfigurement and K1,500,000 for loss of amenities after serious leg injuries.
  • Personal injury — assessment of damages — open fracture of tibia and fibula; degloving wound and skin grafting — permanent scar and limp — quantum for pain, suffering, disfigurement and loss of amenities — psychiatric injury not proven — child claimant.
24 November 2021
Claimant's speculative allegation of unlawful international evidence sharing lacked an arguable case; permission and injunction denied.
  • Mutual legal assistance — Designation of authority — Regulation 2 and Financial Crimes Act — Attorney General as appropriate authority — Alleged ultra vires conduct by anti-corruption agency — Permission to apply for judicial review — requirement of an arguable case — interlocutory injunction without notice.
24 November 2021
Permission for judicial review and an urgent injunction refused for lack of an arguable, non‑speculative case.
  • Judicial review — permission stage — arguable case requirement; Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters Act — designated authority; ultra vires and Wednesbury unreasonableness; interlocutory injunction — without notice; admissibility of affidavit evidence.
24 November 2021
Interlocutory injunction refused where triable issues exist but balance of convenience favors long-possession defendants; damages inadequate for land.
  • Civil procedure — interlocutory injunction — requirements of serious question to be tried, inadequacy of damages, balance of convenience — land disputes — status quo where defendants in long undisturbed possession — consideration of prior judgment/res judicata.
23 November 2021
Assessment of damages for fractured clavicle with ongoing pain: claimant awarded K5,000,000 and costs.
  • Motor vehicle accident — assessment of damages — fractured clavicle and rib pain — ongoing pain and functional limitation — quantum of general damages — costs to successful claimant.
22 November 2021
Claimant awarded MK7,000,000 for finger amputation injuries: general damages and loss of earning capacity.
  • Personal injury — assessment of damages — pain and suffering, loss of amenities and disfigurement — loss of earning capacity — quantum by reference to comparable cases and evidential proof of prior earnings.
22 November 2021
Summary judgment enforcing written discharge vouchers as binding settlements; interest denied absent express agreement.
  • Contract law — discharge vouchers as binding settlements — summary judgment — effect of "without admission of liability" and absence of "without prejudice" — no arguable defence — interest not recoverable absent express agreement.
22 November 2021
Assessment of general damages for fractured ankle, pain, loss of amenities and disfigurement; award MK4.5 million plus costs.
  • Personal injury — road traffic accident — assessment of general damages — pain and suffering; loss of amenities of life; disfigurement — use of comparable cases — award MK4,500,000 — costs of assessment taxed if not agreed.
22 November 2021
Assessment of damages for head injury causing left-sided paralysis; court awarded K8,000,000 and taxed costs.
  • Personal injury — assessment of general damages — head injury, unconsciousness and left-sided paralysis — pain and suffering; loss of amenities; disfigurement — use of comparable cases — future treatment not pleaded — award K8,000,000; costs taxed.
22 November 2021
Whether pending enforcement proceedings and a consent order in another matter permit timely filing of a bill of costs.
  • Civil procedure — Costs assessment — Order 31 r 12(1) CPR 2017 — Timing for filing bills of costs — Pending enforcement proceedings as continuation of proceedings — Effect of consent order in different cause number as triggering order for costs — Requirement for leave to file before conclusion.
22 November 2021
A consent order in a related matter can permit timely filing of a bill of costs within the three‑month limit.
  • Costs — Bill of costs — Order 31 r 12(1) CPR 2017 — three‑month filing period — conclusion of proceedings — enforcement proceedings — consent order in related matter as basis for filing — leave required to file before conclusion.
22 November 2021
Court awarded MK8,604,004.32 for general damages and reduced future earning capacity after workplace hand injury.
  • Personal injury — assessment of damages — general damages for pain and suffering, loss of amenities and disfigurement — loss of earning capacity — use of minimum wage where earnings unascertainable — deduction for contingencies — assessment after default judgment.
22 November 2021
Claimant awarded MK7,000,000 damages; insurer liable only to MK5,000,000 policy limit.
  • Personal injury — assessment of damages — open Gustilo type 3B tibia and fibula fracture — pain and suffering, loss of amenities, disfigurement — use of comparable awards — insurer’s statutory/policy limit (s.144 Road Traffic Act) — judicial notice of MK5,000,000 limit.
20 November 2021
Conviction under child sexual imagery provision quashed where complainant was 16; retrial refused on justice grounds.
  • Criminal law — Section 160E (photographing a child in prohibited sexual act) — statutory definition of "child" (section 160A) — elements of offence; Plea of guilty — requirement to put ingredients of offence to accused; Misdescription/misdirection — effect on conviction; Retrial discretion (section 353) — balancing interests of justice vs prejudice to accused; Minor/cognate offences — limitations on convicting for uncharged offences.
19 November 2021
Whether an ex parte varied injunction should be suspended for suppression of material facts and reliance on an expired interlocutory order.
  • Civil procedure — Stay of enforcement (Order 28 r48 CPR) — Ex parte injunctions — Duty of full and frank disclosure — Suppression of material facts — Expiry of interlocutory injunction — Enforcement orders and possession under Sheriffs Act.
19 November 2021
Court awarded reduced damages for electrocution injuries but limited loss of earnings due to insufficient evidence.
  • Personal injury — Electrocution at work — Assessment of damages — Pain and suffering, loss of amenities, deformity/disfigurement, and loss of earning capacity — Quantum reduced where claimant’s proposed figures unsupported; insufficient evidence for high loss of earnings award.
18 November 2021
Court refused without-notice injunction to restrain media reporting on an ongoing investigation, prioritizing press freedom.
  • Civil procedure — Interlocutory injunctions (Order 10 r27) — Defamation — Bonnard v Perryman principle — Plea of justification — Freedom of the press vs reputation.
18 November 2021
Assessment of damages for drug extravasation injury, admissible photographs, proved special damages, reduced by 30% contributory negligence.
  • Medical negligence — extravasation of gentamicin causing tissue necrosis — admissibility of photographs — assessment of general damages (pain and suffering, loss of amenities, disfigurement) — special damages proof requirements — contributory negligence reduction — refusal of aggravated/exemplary damages and interest.
17 November 2021
Court awarded K4.3 million for pain, loss of amenities and disfigurement; special damages not proved.
  • Personal injury — assessment of damages — pain and suffering; loss of amenities of life; disfigurement — special damages must be specifically pleaded and proved — reliance on comparable awards and adjustment for currency devaluation.
17 November 2021
Claimant entitled to repair, loss-of-use and special damages, but recovery limited by insurer’s policy limits.
  • Insurance — assessment of damages — reasonableness of insurer’s claim adjustments using insurer-selected garages — effect of policy limits on awards — agreed liability subject to policy limit.
17 November 2021
Court fixed counsel's expense rate at K30,000/hr, disallowed travel costs, and taxed the bill at K2,958,525.00.
  • Taxation of costs — party-and-party bill — standard basis assessment — allocation of expense rate to attending counsel — expense rate fixed at K30,000/hr — travel disallowed where attending counsel based locally — itemised hours, care and conduct allowance, VAT and outlays.
17 November 2021
Application to set aside default judgment dismissed: defendant failed to show a meritorious defence and claimant was an innocent purchaser.
  • Civil procedure — Setting aside default judgment — Order 12 rule 21 CPR 2017 — requirements of reasonable cause and meritorious defence — bona fide purchaser — restriction order by Anti‑Corruption Bureau not a defence to contractual liability.
17 November 2021
Whether the Attorney General automatically becomes a defendant in constitutional referrals and who may represent State interests.
  • Constitutional referral — parties — Order 19 r.8 service on Attorney General — Attorney General not automatically defendant — role of Attorney General vs DPP — counsel authority and conflict of interest — competence to represent DPP.
16 November 2021
Failure to produce letters of administration when pleading as administrator is an irregularity; mediation set aside to permit cure.
  • Locus standi — necessity of letters of administration where claimant pleads as administrator; Statute Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act s.7 — scope and limits; Deceased Estates (Wills, Inheritance and Protection) Act ss.43,50 — effect of letters of administration; procedural irregularity — setting aside mediation to permit cure.
15 November 2021
Assessment of damages for fracture, tooth loss and bruises; court awarded K8,003,000, insurer liable up to policy limit K5,000,000.
  • Personal injury — assessment of damages — fracture of arm, loss of teeth and scarring — admissibility/hearsay of medical reports — general and special damages — insurer liability limited to policy limit.
15 November 2021
Court set aside default judgment and allowed defence where a meritorious defence (insurance exclusion) was shown, subject to conditions.
  • Civil procedure — Setting aside default judgment (Order 12 r21 CPR 2017); filing vs service of defence; meritorious defence requirement; insurer's exclusion clause; costs and conditions to mitigate prejudice.
15 November 2021
A camp court magistrate not originally seized must explain jurisdiction and file a formal bail order to cure procedural irregularity.
  • Criminal procedure — Review of camp court proceedings — Jurisdiction to grant bail where magistrate not originally seized — Requirement for explanatory transfer notes and formal bail order — Importance of accurate court records and correct citation of prosecution as "Republic."
15 November 2021
Court found bail validly granted by the magistrate seized of the matter and remitted the file to continue the trial.
  • Criminal procedure — Review under constitutional and statutory provisions — Alleged irregular bail grant at camp court by magistrate not seized of matter — Record showed bail granted by magistrate seized of matter — Remittal to trial court to continue proceedings.
15 November 2021
15 November 2021
15 November 2021
Presence and service in Malawi establish jurisdiction; forum non conveniens not shown; substantive law follows lex loci delicti, procedure follows lex fori.
  • Jurisdiction — forum non conveniens — presence and service in forum; Conflict of laws — lex loci delicti governs substantive tort law; Lex fori governs procedure and interlocutory injunctions; Proof of foreign law (Order 17 rule 60).
12 November 2021
Defendant’s residence and service in Malawi confer jurisdiction; lex loci delicti governs substantive law, not forum choice.
  • Jurisdiction — forum non conveniens — presence and service — action in personam; Conflict of laws — lex loci delicti governs applicable substantive law, not jurisdiction; Online defamation — place of access/publication and choice of law; Procedure — interlocutory injunctions governed by Malawian rules; Foreign law proof — Order 17 r 60.
12 November 2021
Court orders transfer of criminal trial to Blantyre under s69(b) CP&EC; no exceptional justification for Lilongwe venue.
  • Criminal procedure — venue of trial — section 69(b) CP&EC — nearest court to place of offence or arrest — convenience of defence, prosecution and witnesses — section 96(2) CP&EC — warrant may direct accused to issuing court or any court having jurisdiction — committal irregularity curable under section 5 — presumption of innocence and fairness in venue decisions.
12 November 2021
Sentence enhanced on confirmation for defilement of a vulnerable 12-year-old, prioritizing deterrence over first-offender status.
  • Criminal law — Defilement — Sentencing on confirmation — Enhancement of sentence — First offender status weighed against victim vulnerability and deterrence.
11 November 2021
Court enhanced sentence for defilement of a seven-year-old, holding first-offender status insufficient to avoid long imprisonment.
  • Criminal law — Defilement — Sentence enhancement on confirmation — First offender considerations and sections 339 & 340 CrPE — Sentencing guidelines (starting point ten years) — Aggravating factors: victim age (7), planning, breach of trust — Protection and deterrence.
11 November 2021
11 November 2021
Court upheld a postdated will after admitting extrinsic evidence, rejected forgery claim, and ordered full disclosure and continued injunction.
  • Wills — alteration/postdating of date — admissibility of extrinsic evidence under Probate (Non‑contentious) Rules (Rule 14) — forgery allegations and handwriting expert evidence weighed against witness testimony and documentary emails — standard: balance of probabilities; estate accounting and injunction.
10 November 2021
Appellate court reversed lower decision: unsigned, unproven sale insufficient; chiefs’ involvement and proper evidence required for customary land ownership.
  • Customary land — ownership and sale — individual acquisition and sale of customary land recognised; chiefs’ role and customary consent required
  • Evidence — admissibility and weight — unsigned document and absence of proof of consideration render alleged sale invalid
  • Witnesses — failure to call material witnesses (vendor/chiefs) weakens party’s case
  • Appeal — High Court’s role as rehearing court to reassess evidence and correct misdirections by lower court
9 November 2021
In-house counsel cannot personally claim party or solicitor-and-own-client costs; party acting in person recovers up to two-thirds of assessed counsel-scale costs.
  • Costs — taxation; whether in-house counsel may personally recover party-and-party or solicitor-and-own-client costs — party costs belong to the party
  • Legal Practitioners Act s.31 — restrictions on in-house practice; exceptions
  • Civil Procedure Rules O.31 r.15(1) — party acting in person recoverable up to two-thirds of counsel-scale costs
  • Assessment — reduction of excessive hours and application of reasonable hourly rates
9 November 2021
Interlocutory injunction granted to restrain defendants from developing disputed land due to triable issues and inadequate remedy at law.
  • Interlocutory injunction — Order 10 r.27 CPR — triable issue over land — inadequacy of damages for real property — balance of convenience and preservation of status quo — trespass and development pending trial.
8 November 2021
A trespass claim on leased land is not automatically a "commercial matter"; defendant failed to prove lack of jurisdiction.
  • Jurisdiction — Commercial matter — Definition and scope under Courts Act; Trespass to land — Lease alone does not render dispute commercial; Onus of proof — Allegation of commercial significance must be supported by evidence; Commercial Division vs General Division — Proper forum determined by demonstrated commercial significance.
5 November 2021
Restoring an alleged-stolen vehicle on one day's notice and before trial was irregular; restoration and enforcement orders set aside.
  • Criminal procedure — restoration/disposal of property — preservation of prospective exhibits — adequacy of notice for return dates — ownership disputes pending trial — enforcement orders against non-parties — magistrate court record-keeping and reassignment of proceedings.
5 November 2021
Whether customary land used for a school becomes public without formal acquisition and whether title moves with buildings.
  • Customary land — conversion to public/institutional land requires Land Acquisition Act procedure; title on customary land may move with buildings (Kampaundi v Rev Sisco); boundary/beacon evidence; limitation not determined.
3 November 2021
Whether customary land became public without statutory acquisition and whether title to improvements moves with the land.
  • Land law — customary land v public/institutional land — Land Acquisition Act compliance — title moves with property on customary land — encroachment — limitation not determined due to insufficient evidence.
3 November 2021
Claimant's suit and injunction seeking enforcement of a quashed boundary re‑demarcation were dismissed as frivolous and an abuse of process.
  • Functus officio; abuse of process; interlocutory injunction; failure to disclose cause of action; boundary re‑demarcation quashed by prior judicial review.
2 November 2021
Claimant awarded K7,503,000 for spinal injuries, pain and loss of amenities; special damages only partially proved.
  • Personal injury — Assessment of damages — Fracture and dislocation of cervical spine — Pain and suffering; loss of amenities; strict proof required for special damages (reports) — Comparable awards and currency devaluation considered — Award K7,503,000 plus costs.
1 November 2021
Assessment of party-and-party costs: court fixed reasonable hourly rates and taxed costs at K2,346,537.50.
  • Costs assessment — party-and-party costs — reasonableness of items — retrospective application of updated hourly rate rules — hourly rate fixed at K30,000 — instruction fees and general care & conduct percentage.
1 November 2021
Interlocutory injunction refused where traders occupied road reserve, alternative markets provided and damages deemed adequate.
  • Interlocutory injunction — road reserve occupation — temporary market allocation — adequacy of damages — alternative relocation offered — Public Roads Act considerations — balance of convenience.
1 November 2021
October 2021
CCTV and circumstantial evidence upheld convictions for burglary, vehicle theft and robbery; sentences affirmed and made consecutive.
  • Criminal law — right to call witnesses — admissibility and weight of CCTV and circumstantial evidence — sufficiency of prosecution evidence — sentence review and proportionality — forfeiture of vehicle.
28 October 2021
Employer breached statutory duty by failing to provide adequate manpower, causing employee’s hand injuries; damages awarded.
  • Occupational Safety, Health and Welfare Act s13 — employer’s duty to provide safe systems and adequate manpower; s18(a) — employee duty to take reasonable care; causation of injury; damages assessment.
28 October 2021